Laravel

1234567891011121314<?php
Route::get('/books/{book}', function (Book $book) {
    return $book->load('author');   // route model binding: 404 automatic
});

Route::post('/books', function (Request $request) {
    $validated = $request->validate([
        'title' => ['required', 'string', 'max:200'],
        'year'  => ['required', 'integer', 'between:1400,2100'],
        'isbn'  => ['nullable', 'string', 'unique:books,isbn'],
    ]);

    return Book::create($validated);   // 422 with errors if validation failed
});

12345678910111213141516<?php
class Book extends Model
{
    protected $fillable = ['title', 'year', 'author_id'];
    protected $casts = ['published_at' => 'datetime'];

    public function author(): BelongsTo { return $this->belongsTo(Author::class); }
    public function reviews(): HasMany  { return $this->hasMany(Review::class); }

    public function scopeRecent(Builder $q): Builder {
        return $q->where('year', '>=', now()->year - 5);
    }
}

// with() avoids N+1 — one query for books, one for authors.
$books = Book::with('author')->recent()->latest('year')->paginate(20);

12345678910111213141516171819202122232425<?php
class ProcessImport implements ShouldQueue
{
    use Queueable;

    public int $tries = 3;
    public int $backoff = 60;

    public function __construct(public int $importId) {}

    public function handle(ImportService $service): void
    {
        DB::transaction(function () use ($service) {
            $service->run($this->importId);
        });
    }
}

ProcessImport::dispatch($import->id)->onQueue('imports');

// Only dispatch after the transaction actually commits.
DB::transaction(function () use ($order) {
    $order->save();
    OrderPlaced::dispatch($order);   // Laravel defers this with afterCommit
});